Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026 · 系統性回顧＋統合分析（依標題推測）
Non-Specific Strength Changes Between High- and Low-Load Isotonic Resistance Training: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
訓練方法與運動處方 · 阻力訓練
中文閱讀摘要
統合分析比較高低負荷等張訓練對非特異性肌力的影響，結果不一致，無法確認兩者差異。
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原始摘要
Background
In comparisons between high- and low-load isotonic resistance training, it has become common to include non-specific strength tests (e.g., isometric and isokinetic strength tests), presumably in attempt to minimize the influence of training specificity and better understand the efficacy of low-load training for developing maximal strength. Many have suggested that high- and low-load isotonic resistance training are similarly effective for increasing non-specific strength, provided exercise is performed to task failure. However, little work has been completed to examine the accuracy of such statements.
Objective
We aimed to quantitatively identify whether high-load isotonic resistance training results in differential changes in non-specific strength compared to low-load isotonic training.
Methods
A systematic search of the literature was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, and Embase from inception to 14 June, 2025. To be included in the present review, a study needed to: (a) be performed in healthy adult humans ≥ 18 years of age; (b) include isotonic high- and low-load isotonic resistance training protocols that were prescribed to task failure; (c) have measured non-specific strength at both pre- and post-intervention via an isometric or isokinetic maximum strength task; (d) matched the number of strength tests between the high- and low-load training groups; (e) be published in a peer-reviewed journal; and (f) published in the English language. A random-effect meta-analysis using robust estimation variation was then implemented on the changes (i.e., pre- to post-intervention) in non-specific strength between high- and low-load isotonic resistance training.
Results
The literature search yielded 7885 unique articles, of which ten studies were selected for inclusion in the present analysis. Using effect size values calculated from the change score standard deviations resulted in 44 ES from ten studies (245 total participants; high load, n = 114; low load, n = 131). The overall effect size (Cohen's d) was 0.322 with a standard error of 0.17, a 95% confidence interval of - 0.08 to 0.72 (p = 0.104), and 95% prediction intervals that ranged from - 0.45 to 1.1. A supplemental analysis using pre-standard deviations resulted in similar conclusions.
Conclusions
The results of the current analysis were inconclusive as to whether high- and low-load isotonic training induced differential changes in non-specific strength. The overall effect size appeared to be biased towards favoring high-load isotonic training; however, the confidence intervals were wide and crossed zero.
至 Europe PMC 閱讀完整來源 ↗ · 擷取日期 2026-10-19
書目、來源與全文狀態
- DOI
- 10.1007/s40279-025-02370-8
- PMID／PMCID
- 41381816 / PMC13018011
- 作者
- Hammert WB, Kataoka R, Yamada Y, Sallberg RW, Kang A, Buckner SL, Loenneke JP
- 首次發表日期
- 2025-12-12Europe PMC 提供，部分日期可能依年份或月份推定。
- 卷／期／頁碼或文章編號
- 56 ／ 3 ／ 763-773
- 書目來源與查核日期
- Europe PMC · 2026-10-19僅核對書目欄位與來源連結；不代表已評讀研究品質。
- 全文與授權
- 來源列有免費全文（查核 2026-10-19），未逐篇測試 PDF 下載。 來源授權標示：cc by。
可回溯引用
Hammert WB, Kataoka R, Yamada Y, Sallberg RW, Kang A, Buckner SL, Loenneke JP. Non-Specific Strength Changes Between High- and Low-Load Isotonic Resistance Training: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.). 2026;56(3):763-773. PMID: 41381816. PMCID: PMC13018011. doi:10.1007/s40279-025-02370-8
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