BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2026 · 系統性回顧＋統合分析（依標題推測）
Corrective exercises strongly improve posture but fail to produce consistent clinical or functional benefits in patients with upper crossed syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
頸椎 · 上交叉症候群
中文閱讀摘要
統合分析顯示矯正運動顯著改善上交叉症候群姿勢，但對疼痛、功能及肌力之臨床益處證據有限且結果不一致。
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原始摘要
Background
Upper Crossed Syndrome (UCS) is a prevalent postural dysfunction involving muscular imbalances and misalignments of the neck, thoracic spine, and shoulder girdle, leading to pain and functional limitation. While corrective exercises (CE) are widely recommended to restore posture and improve musculoskeletal function, their effectiveness across different outcomes remains unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effects of CE on posture, function, and pain in individuals with UCS.
Methods
Four databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase) were searched from inception to November 2025. Eligibility criteria included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on individuals with UCS evaluating CE versus controls. Data extraction followed the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Risk of bias was assessed using the RoB 2 tool. Random-effects models were used to calculate standardized mean differences (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Heterogeneity (I 2 ), publication bias, and subgroup effects by age and exercise type were evaluated, and evidence certainty was rated using the GRADE approach.
Results
Twenty-eight RCTs (n = 901) were included. CE significantly improved forward head angle (SMD: -1.49; 95% CI: -1.91 to -1.06; p < 0.01) with high heterogeneity (I 2 = 79%, p < 0.01), forward shoulders angle (SMD: -1.53; 95% CI: -1.96 to -1.09; p < 0.01) with high heterogeneity (I 2 = 78%, p < 0.01), and thoracic hyper-kyphosis angle (SMD: -1.70; 95% CI: -2.27 to -1.12; p < 0.01) with high heterogeneity (I 2 = 88%, p < 0.01). However, the effects on muscle activation, function, balance, and pain were inconclusive.
Conclusion
CE produces large, significant improvements in postural alignment in individuals with UCS. However, evidence for clinically meaningful benefits in pain, function, and muscle strength remains limited and inconsistent. These findings suggest that while CE effectively addresses biomechanical postural deficits, their translation to symptom relief and functional improvement is uncertain. Future research should establish standardized CE protocols, include long-term follow-up, and employ validated clinical outcome measures to determine whether postural corrections yield sustained clinical benefits.
至 Europe PMC 閱讀完整來源 ↗ · 擷取日期 2026-10-19
書目、來源與全文狀態
- DOI
- 10.1186/s13102-026-01707-8
- PMID／PMCID
- 42210327 / PMC13326462
- 作者
- Khorramroo F, Rostami M, Bafrouei MJ
- 首次發表日期
- 2026-05-28Europe PMC 提供，部分日期可能依年份或月份推定。
- 卷／期／頁碼或文章編號
- 18 ／ 1 ／ 302
- 書目來源與查核日期
- Europe PMC · 2026-10-19僅核對書目欄位與來源連結；不代表已評讀研究品質。
- 全文與授權
- 來源列有免費全文（查核 2026-10-19），未逐篇測試 PDF 下載。 來源授權標示：cc by。
可回溯引用
Khorramroo F, Rostami M, Bafrouei MJ. Corrective exercises strongly improve posture but fail to produce consistent clinical or functional benefits in patients with upper crossed syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation. 2026;18(1):302. PMID: 42210327. PMCID: PMC13326462. doi:10.1186/s13102-026-01707-8
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