Frontiers in public health · 2025 · 統合分析（依標題推測）

Effects of non-pharmacological interventions on body composition and physical function in older women with sarcopenic obesity: a meta-analysis.

高齡・肌少・骨骼健康 · 肌少型肥胖

中文閱讀摘要

統合分析顯示，非藥物介入顯著降低老年肌少性肥胖女性體脂並改善肌力，但步速無顯著變化，且證據有限。

AI 依來源摘要整理，未經人工逐篇核對。閱讀結論前，請回溯研究族群、方法與限制。

原始摘要

Background

Sarcopenic obesity is characterized by excessive fat mass accompanied by sarcopenia, resulting in combined health risks associated with both conditions. Currently, no standardized or effective treatment approach has been established. The health risks and potential for physical disability associated with sarcopenia increase with age, and older women face greater challenges than men due to the accelerated muscle loss following menopause.

Objective

Given the absence of standardized or effective treatments, this systematic review aimed to evaluate which non-pharmacological interventions can effectively improve body composition and physical function in older women (aged ≥60 years) with sarcopenic obesity.

Design

Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Setting and participants

Older women aged 60 years and above.

Methods

A comprehensive search of four electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Library) was conducted up to April 2025. A total of 11 studies were included in the meta-analysis, comprising 10 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and one quasi-experimental study. Although the latter did not employ random allocation, it was included due to the rigor of its intervention design, the completeness of its data, and its relevance to the research question. The primary outcomes measured included key indicators of body composition and physical function. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0 (RoB 2) tool. To determine the certainty of evidence for the main outcomes, the GRADE approach was applied, evaluating five domains: risk of bias, inconsistency, indirectness, imprecision, and publication bias.

Results

A total of 11 studies (10 randomized controlled trials and 1 non-randomized controlled trial) involving 532 participants were included. Meta-analysis revealed that exercise and other non-pharmacological interventions significantly reduced body fat percentage (WMD = -1.85, 95% CI: -3.35 to -0.36, p < 0.05) and significantly improved appendicular free fat mass (WMD = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.60-0.68, p < 0.001), skeletal muscle index (WMD = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.43-0.86, p < 0.001), and handgrip strength (WMD = 2.96, 95% CI: 1.76-4.16, p < 0.001). No significant differences were observed in gait speed, waist circumference, or body mass index (all p > 0.05). Subgroup analyses suggested that combined interventions were more effective than single interventions in reducing body fat, and short-term programs were superior to long-term ones. For muscle mass outcomes, single resistance training showed more consistent benefits in improving Appendicular Free Fat Mass, whereas the addition of nutritional supplementation conferred no significant extra advantage.

Conclusion

Future studies on sarcopenic obesity should adopt the latest international consensus criteria (e.g., European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2, Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019) to enhance the comparability and clinical applicability of findings. Current evidence indicates that exercise interventions, particularly resistance training, serve as the cornerstone for improving handgrip strength and functional outcomes such as gait speed. Various non-pharmacological approaches have also been validated in improving body composition indicators (Body Fat Percentage, Appendicular Free Fat Mass, and Skeletal Muscle Index). The synergistic effects of combined exercise and nutritional interventions on muscle mass and strength warrant further investigation, especially to determine the optimal modality and dosage in women with sarcopenic obesity. Future intervention strategies should be systematically designed to integrate short-term intensive programs with long-term maintenance, thereby maximizing therapeutic benefits and improving clinical feasibility.

至 Europe PMC 閱讀完整來源 ↗ · 擷取日期 2026-10-19

書目、來源與全文狀態

DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1718720
PMID／PMCID: 41458403 / PMC12741268
作者: Zeng C, Du H, Zheng J, Wang Y, Liu K, Chen Z
首次發表日期: 2025-12-12Europe PMC 提供，部分日期可能依年份或月份推定。
卷／期／頁碼或文章編號: 13 ／期未提供／ 1718720
書目來源與查核日期: Europe PMC · 2026-10-19僅核對書目欄位與來源連結；不代表已評讀研究品質。
全文與授權: 來源列有免費全文（查核 2026-10-19），未逐篇測試 PDF 下載。來源授權標示：cc by。

可回溯引用

Zeng C, Du H, Zheng J, Wang Y, Liu K, Chen Z. Effects of non-pharmacological interventions on body composition and physical function in older women with sarcopenic obesity: a meta-analysis. Frontiers in public health. 2025;13:1718720. PMID: 41458403. PMCID: PMC12741268. doi:10.3389/fpubh.2025.1718720

原始文獻 ↗來源列出的免費全文 ↗

本站供教育與研究參考。單篇摘要、文體標籤與期刊影響係數不等於證據品質或個別病人的診療建議。