Frontiers in public health · 2026 · 統合分析（依標題推測）

Comparative effectiveness of exercise modalities and nutritional supplementation for sarcopenic obesity in older adults: a network meta-analysis based on randomized controlled trials.

高齡・肌少・骨骼健康 · 肌少型肥胖

中文閱讀摘要

針對老年人肌少性肥胖之網路統合分析顯示，阻力訓練優於常規照護於肌力與脂肪，多組訓練優於BMI與體脂，但肌肉指數改善證據有限。

AI 依來源摘要整理，未經人工逐篇核對。閱讀結論前，請回溯研究族群、方法與限制。

原始摘要

Introduction

Sarcopenic obesity is highly prevalent among older adults and is associated with adverse clinical outcomes. However, direct comparative evidence on the relative efficacy and safety of different exercise-based rehabilitation strategies, with or without nutritional supplementation or high-protein intake, remains limited. This study aimed to compare and rank the effects of diverse rehabilitation interventions using a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Methods

PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were systematically searched from database inception to November 1, 2025, without language restrictions. Both Medical Subject Headings and free-text terms were used. Primary outcomes included body mass index (BMI), handgrip strength (GRIP), fat mass (FM), percentage body fat (PBF), and skeletal muscle index (SMI). A systematic review and network meta-analysis were conducted. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 (ROB 2) tool, and the certainty of evidence was evaluated using the CINeMA framework. The study protocol was prospectively registered in PROSPERO (CRD420251270452).

Results

Twenty-four randomized controlled trials involving 1,298 participants and nine distinct exercise- and nutrition-related rehabilitation strategies were included. For BMI, only multicomponent training (MC) significantly reduced BMI compared with usual care (UC) (MD = -1.08, 95% CI -1.86 to -0.29) and ranked highest (SUCRA 85.1%). For handgrip strength, both resistance training (RT) (MD = 3.96, 95% CI 2.15-5.77) and MC (MD = 2.13, 95% CI 0.25-4.01) were superior to UC, with RT ranking first (SUCRA 90.9%). For fat mass, only RT significantly reduced FM compared with UC (MD = -2.30, 95% CI -3.63 to -0.98) and achieved the highest ranking (SUCRA 79.0%). For PBF, both MC (MD = -3.53, 95% CI -5.70 to -1.36) and RT (MD = -2.30, 95% CI -3.98 to -0.62) were effective, with MC ranking highest (SUCRA 77.1%). No intervention demonstrated a statistically significant advantage over UC for SMI; however, MC combined with nutritional supplementation ranked relatively favorably (SUCRA 74.1%). Global consistency testing supported overall network coherence. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the findings, and comparison-adjusted funnel plots indicated no clear evidence of publication bias.

Conclusion

In older adults with sarcopenic obesity, exercise-centered interventions yield clinically meaningful benefits across several key rehabilitation outcomes. Overall, resistance training appears particularly effective for improving muscle strength and reducing adiposity-related measures, whereas multicomponent training shows greater advantages in reducing BMI and PBF. Evidence for improvements in SMI remains limited and uncertain, highlighting the need for larger, well-designed randomized trials with longer follow-up and direct head-to-head comparisons to clarify long-term benefits and identify optimal intervention combinations.

Systematic review registration

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD420251270452, PROSPERO: CRD420251270452.

至 Europe PMC 閱讀完整來源 ↗ · 擷取日期 2026-10-19

書目、來源與全文狀態

DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1775783
PMID／PMCID: 41810309 / PMC12967945
作者: Yu J, Li X, Yu H, Huang Y
首次發表日期: 2026-02-23Europe PMC 提供，部分日期可能依年份或月份推定。
卷／期／頁碼或文章編號: 14 ／期未提供／ 1775783
書目來源與查核日期: Europe PMC · 2026-10-19僅核對書目欄位與來源連結；不代表已評讀研究品質。
全文與授權: 來源列有免費全文（查核 2026-10-19），未逐篇測試 PDF 下載。來源授權標示：cc by。

可回溯引用

Yu J, Li X, Yu H, Huang Y. Comparative effectiveness of exercise modalities and nutritional supplementation for sarcopenic obesity in older adults: a network meta-analysis based on randomized controlled trials. Frontiers in public health. 2026;14:1775783. PMID: 41810309. PMCID: PMC12967945. doi:10.3389/fpubh.2026.1775783

原始文獻 ↗來源列出的免費全文 ↗

本站供教育與研究參考。單篇摘要、文體標籤與期刊影響係數不等於證據品質或個別病人的診療建議。